Unit 2 Review 90 Course Course 2 Ã¢â‚¬â¢ Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

astute angle An angle that is between 0° and 90°.

angle of rotation (for symmetry) The minimum size of the angle needed to plough a shape or design onto itself. The angle may be measured in degrees or fractions of a plough.
(See page(s) 17)

arc (of a circle) A portion of the circumference of a circumvolve. A small-scale arc is less than a semicircle, and a major arc is more a semicircle.

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(See page(s) 378)

area The number of square units contained in a two-dimensional region.

assumption Something taken for granted, as though it were true.

base (of a ability) number used as a factor for repeated multiplication. In four⁶, the base is 4.
(See page(s) 93)

biased sample Does not represent the population, and tin can make survey results inaccurate.
(See page(due south) 431)

binomial An expression with 2 terms, such as viy ^two + 3 and twox − fivey.

bifurcate Split into two equal parts.

bisector A line or line segment that cuts an angle or line segment into two equal parts.

boundary point The point that separates the values less than from the values greater than a specified value. If information technology is a possible value, it is shown with a airtight circle on a number line. If it is not a possible value, the circle is open up. For example, the boundary points for the inequality −4

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(See page(south) 342)

key angle An angle formed by two radii of a circle. The vertex of the angle is at the middle of the circumvolve, and the endpoints are on the circle.

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(See page(s) 378)

centre of rotation The point about which the rotation of an object or design turns.
(Meet page(due south) sixteen)

chord A line segment joining two points on the circumference of a circle.
(See page(s) 378)

circumference The boundary of or distance effectually a circle. This is a linear measurement. It is often represented by the variable C.

coefficient See numerical coefficient.

common denominator

A common multiple of the denominators of a set of fractions. A common denominator for
is 6 because a common multiple of 2 and iii is 6.

common multiple A mutual multiple is a number that is a multiple of ii or more numbers. For example, common multiples of three and 5 include 0, 15, and 30.

composite object An object made from two or more split objects.

congruent Identical in shape and size.

constant A known value in an equation or an expression. In the equation southward = iiidue north − 2, −2 is a constant.

convenience sample A group of individuals that is chosen because its members are like shooting fish in a barrel to access.

coordinate grid A filigree made of intersecting vertical and horizontal lines. Also called a Cartesian plane.

coordinate pair(southward) Meet coordinates.

coordinate(s) An ordered pair (x, y), is a pair of numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate grid. Coordinates are the values in an ordered pair. The x-coordinate is the distance from the vertical or y-centrality. The y-coordinate in the altitude from the horizontal or x-axis.

corresponding angles Angles that accept the aforementioned relative position in ii geometric figures.

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(See folio(south) 146)

corresponding sides Sides that have the same relative position in 2 geometric figures.
(See page(south) 146)

degree of a polynomial The degree of the highest degree term in a polynomial. For case, the polynomial 7a ^two − threea has a degree of two.
(See folio(s) 176)

caste of a term The sum of the exponents on the variables in a single term. For example, the degree of 3x ³ z ² is 5. A variable with no exponent has a degree of i.
(See page(s) 176)

diagonal A line joining 2 not-adjacent vertices of a polygon.

bore The altitude across a circle through its center. Represented by the variable d.

distributive property The dominion that states a(b + c) = ab + air conditioning for all real numbers a, b, and c.

enlargement An increase in the dimensions of an object by a constant factor. The enlargement can be two-D or 3-D.

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(See page(s) 131)

equation A statement that two mathematical expressions are equal and accept the same value.

equilateral triangle A triangle with iii equal sides.

ethics Involves judgments of right and wrong behaviour. For example, cheating on a exam is wrong, or unethical.

experimental probability The probability of an event occurring based on experimental results.

exponent The number of times yous multiply the base in a power past itself. For example, in 2ⁱⁱⁱ, 3 is the exponent, and so the base is multiplied by itself three times: 2 × ii × 2 = 8.
(Come across page(s) 93)

exponential form A shorter way of writing repeated multiplication, using a base and an exponent. For example, 5 × 5 × 5 in exponential grade is 5ⁱⁱⁱ.
(See page(s) 93)

extrapolate To estimate a value beyond a given set of values.
(See folio(due south) 223)

generalize To infer a full general principle or make a wide statement from known facts.

heptagon A 2-D shape with vii sides.

hypotenuse side opposite the right angle in a right triangle.

hypothesis A proposition put forrad to guide an investigation.

inequality A mathematical statement comparing expressions that may not exist equal. These can be written using the symbols less than (<), greater than (>), less than or equal (

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or not equal (

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(See page(south) 341)

inscribed bending An bending formed past 2 chords that share a common endpoint. The vertex and endpoints are on the circumvolve.

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(Encounter page(south) 378)

interior angle An angle that is formed within a polygon by two sides meeting at a vertex.

interpolate To estimate the value betwixt two given values.
(See page(southward) 222)

isosceles triangle A triangle with exactly two equal sides.

like terms Terms that take the same variable(s) raised to the exponent(s). For example, 3ten − 2x are like terms.
(Run into page(due south) 184)

line of symmetry A line running through the centre of an object or design such that the halves on each side of the line are mirror images. These lines can be vertical, horizontal, or oblique. A figure may have more than than ane line of symmetry. Too called a line of reflection.

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(See page(s) half dozen)

linear equation An equation whose graph is a straight line.

linear relation A relation that appears as a direct line when graphed.

mean A measure of key tendency calculated past finding the sum of a fix of values divided by the number of values in the set. For example, for the set of values vi, 8, 5, 9, and 12,

median A measure out of cardinal tendency determined by the center number in a set of data later the data take been arranged in club. For the information 2, 5, vi, viii, and 9, the median is vi. For the data 1, 3, 7, 7, nine, and 10, the median is seven.

manner A measure of central tendency adamant by the almost frequently occurring number in a set of data. At that place can exist more that 1 mode. For the data 3, 5, vii, seven, and 9, the mode is 7. For the data ii, two, 4, 6, 6, viii, and xi, the modes are 2, and six.

monomial

An algebraic expression with one term. For example, v, 2x, 3s ², −8cd, and

are all monomials.

not-perfect square A rational number that cannot exist expressed as the product of 2 rational factors. For example, you

cannot multiply any rational number by itself and get an reply of 3, 5, one.5, or

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The square root of a non-perfect square is a non-repeating, non-terminating decimal.
(Run into page(s) 77)

numerical coefficient A number that multiplies the variable. In threen − 2, the numerical coefficient is iii.

oblique Slanted, rather than vertical or horizontal.

octagon A ii-D shape with eight sides.

contrary functioning Operations that "undo" other operations. Sometimes called "inverse operations." Examples of opposite operations are addition and subtraction, multiplication and partitioning, and squaring and taking the square root.

opposites 2 numbers or expressions with the same numeral, but different signs. For example, +two and −2, and 3x + 2 and −iiix − 2, are opposites.

society of operations The correct sequence of steps for a calculation: Brackets, Exponents, Divide and Multiply in order from left to right, Add and Subtract in club from left to right.

gild of rotation The number of times a shape or design fits onto itself in one turn. The club of rotation of this figure is 4.

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(Run into page(due south) 17)

parallegram A iv-sided effigy with opposite sides that are parallel and equal in length.

pentagon A ii-D shape with v sides.

perfect foursquare A number that is the production of two identical factors.
2 × two = 4, so 4 is a perfect foursquare
half-dozen × six = 36, so 36 is a perfect foursquare

perimeter The distance around the exterior of a ii-dimensional shape or figure.

perpendicular Describes lines that intersect at right angles (90^o).

perpendicular bisector A line that divides a line segment in half and is at correct angles to it.

plane A two-dimensional flat surface that extends in all directions.

polygon A two-dimensional closed figure made of iii or more than line segments.
(See page(due south) 154)

polynomial An algebraic expression formed past adding or subtracting terms. For example,

x + 5, iid − ii.4, iiis ⁱⁱ + 5s − vi, and

are all polynomials.

(See folio(s) 175)

population All of the individuals that belong to a group being studied.
(See folio(s) 423)

ability An expression fabricated upward of a base and an exponent. For example, for the ability viⁱⁱⁱ, half dozen is the base and three is the exponent.
(See page(s) 93)

prime factorization A number written as the production of its prime factors. For example, the prime number factorization of 18 is 2 × 3 × three.

prime factors Factors that are prime numbers. For example, the prime number factors of 10 are 2 and v.

probability The likelihood or gamble of an event occurring. Probability tin can be expressed equally a ratio, fraction, or percent.

proportion An equation that says that two ratios or two rates are equal. It tin can be written

in fraction form equally

, or in ratio course as one : 4 = four : 16.

Pythagorean relationship The human relationship between the lengths of the sides of a right triangle. The sum of the areas of the squares attached to the legs of the triangle equals the expanse of the square attached to the hypotenuse.

quadrilateral A polygon that has four sides.

radius A line segment joining the middle of a circle to the outside edge. Information technology can also refer to the length of this line segment and may be represented by the variable, r.

random An event in which every outcome has an equal chance of occurring.

random sample A sample of individuals chosen randomly from the whole population as a way of representing the whole population. Stratified samples and systematic samples are types of random samples.

ratio A comparison of two quantities with the same units.

rational number A number that can be expressed every bit the quotient of 2 integers, where the divisor is not zero.

For example, 0.75,

, and −ii are rational numbers.

(See page(s) 47)

reciprocal The multiplier of a number to give a production of ane. For case,

is the reciprocal of

considering

= ane.

reduction A subtract in the dimensions of an object by a abiding factor. For example, in the diagram, the second bulb is half as large as the outset. A reduction tin be 2-D or iii-D.

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(See folio(due south) 133)

regular polygon A polygon with all sides equal and all interior angles equal.

repeating decimal A decimal number with a digit or group of digits that repeats forever.

Repeating digits are shown with a bar:

= 0.444... and

= −three.121212....

correct triangle A triangle containing a 90^o angle.

rotation symmetry Occurs when a shape or pattern tin be turned nigh its middle of rotation so that it fits onto its outline more than once in a complete plow. The design in the figure fits onto itself 10 times in one turn.

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(Come across page(south) 16)

sample Whatsoever group of individuals selected from the population.
(See page(south) 423)

scale A comparison between the actual size of an object and the size of its prototype. This can be expressed every bit a ratio, every bit a fraction, as a pct, in words, or in a diagram. For example, a scale of i cm : 50 km on a map ways that 1 cm on the map represents 50 km.
(See page(s) 139)

scale diagram A diagram that is similar to the actual figure or object. It may be smaller than or larger than the actual object, but must be in the same proportions.
(Meet folio(s) 140)

calibration factor The abiding factor by which all dimensions of an object are enlarged or reduced in a scale cartoon. The dimensions of this rectangle is multiplied past 3 and then the scale gene is 3.

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(Encounter page(s) 132)

similar figures Figures that have the same shape, simply different size. They have equal corresponding angles and proportional corresponding sides.
(Encounter folio(s) 147)

simulate To create a model that reflects a particular situation.

solution (of an inequality) A value or set of values that outcome in a true statement. The solution can contain a specific value or many values.
(Encounter page(south) 353)

square root Ane of two equal factors of a number. The symbol is R. For instance, nine is the square root of 81 because 9 × 9 is 81.

stratified sample A sample that is created past dividing the whole population into singled-out groups and and so choosing the same fraction of members from each group.

subtended

Lying opposite to. For example, in the figure, the arc AB subtends the bending,

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supplementary angles Angles that add to 180^o.

expanse The number of square units needed to cover a 3-D object. The sum of the areas of all the faces of an object.

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(See folio(s) 26)

survey A question or questions asked of a sample of the population to gather opinions.

symmetry An object or paradigm has symmetry if it is counterbalanced and can fit onto itself either past reflection or rotation.
(Encounter page(s) 5)

systematic sample A sample created by choosing individuals at fixed intervals from an ordered list of the whole population.

tangent (of a circle) A line that touches a circumvolve at exactly one indicate. The line is perpendicular to the radius at that point. The signal where the line touches the circle is called the point of tangency.

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(See page(due south) 394)

term A number or a variable, or the product of numbers and variables. The expression fivex + iii has ii terms: vx and 3.
(See folio(s) 175)

terminating decimal A decimal number in which the digits stop. 0.4, 0.86, and 0.25 are terminating decimals.

tessellation A design or arrangement that covers an area or plane without overlapping or leaving gaps. Also called a tiling blueprint.

theoretical probability The expected probability of an issue occurring. The ratio of the number of expected favourable outcomes to the total number of possible outcomes for an event.

transformation A change in a figure that results in a different position or orientation. Examples are translations, reflections, and rotations.

translation A slide along a directly line.

trapezoid A quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides.

trinomial A polynomial with 3 terms. 10 ^two + 310 − 1 is a trinomial.

variable A letter of the alphabet that represents an unknown number.

vertex The betoken where 2 or more than edges of a figure or object come across. The plural is vertices.

volume The corporeality of infinite an object occupies. Measured in cubic units.

voluntary response sample A sample where the whole population is invited to participate.

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Unit 2 Review 90 Course Course 2 Ã¢â‚¬â¢ Chapter 4 Rational Numbers

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